Adaptive access and rate control of CSMA for energy, rate and delay optimization

In this article, we present a cross-layer adaptive algorithm that dynamically maximizes the average utility function. A per stage utility function is defined for each link of a carrier sense multiple access-based wireless network as a weighted concave function of energy consumption, smoothed rate, and smoothed queue size. Hence, by selecting weights we can control the trade-off among them. Using dynamic programming, the utility function is maximized by dynamically adapting channel access, modulation, and coding according to the queue size and quality of the time-varying channel. We show that the optimal transmission policy has a threshold structure versus the channel state where the optimal decision is to transmit when the wireless channel state is better than a threshold. We also provide a queue management scheme where arrival rate is controlled based on the link state. Numerical results show characteristics of the proposed adaptation scheme and highlight the trade-off among energy consumption, smoothed data rate, and link delay.This study was supported in part by the Spanish Government, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), under projects COMONSENS (CSD2008-00010, CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 program) and COSIMA (TEC2010-19545-C04-03), in part by Iran Telecommunication Research Center under contract 6947/500, and in part by Iran National Science Foundation under grant number 87041174. This study was completed while M. Khodaian was at CEIT and TECNUN (University of Navarra)

Decentralised District Multi-vector Energy Management: A Multi-agent Approach

International audienceDespite its many advantages, the non-controllable and intermittent nature of renewable energy sources is adding further stress to the energy networks and hence, grid operators are often forced to curtail RES generation or to limit its further penetration in the most congested areas. Smart tri-generation districts (electricity, gas, heat) can be key to mitigate these issues and increase the renewable hosting capacity of the grid, provided their feature an optimal use of their energy conversion and storage capabilities. This paper presents a district energy management approach based on Multi-Agent System (MAS) that takes into consideration the tri-energy vectors (electricity, gas, thermal). The optimization problem is solved in a distributed way based on the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers with the objective of minimizing district costs and preliminary results show the efficiency of our approach to achieve this objective

A Stackelberg game-theoretic approach to optimal real-time pricing for the smart grid

This paper proposes a Stackelberg game approach to maximize the profit of the electricity retailer (utility company) and minimize the payment bills of its customers. The electricity retailer determines the retail price through the proposed smart energy pricing scheme to optimally adjust the real-time pricing with the aim to maximize its profit. The price information is sent to the customers through a smart meter. According to the announced price, the customers can automatically manage the energy use of appliances in the households by the proposed optimal electricity consumption scheduling system with the aim to minimize their electricity bills. We model the interactions between the retailer and its electricity customers as a 1-leader, N-follower Stackelberg game. At the leader’s side, i.e., for the retailer, we adopt genetic algorithms to maximize its profit while at the followers’ side, i.e., for customers, we develop an analytical solution to the linear programming problem to minimize their bills. Simulation results show that the proposed approach is beneficial for both the customers and the retailer

Comparison of smart grid technologies and progress in the USA and Europe

\u3cp\u3eThis work discusses historical and technical events in USA and Europe over the last few years that are aimed at modernizing the electric power grid. The US federal government has ratified the “Smart Grid Initiative” as the official policy for modernizing the electricity grid including unprecedented provisions for timely information and control options to consumers and deployment of “smart” technologies. European countries are unified in researching and developing related technologies through various structures supported by the European Union. This chapter presents the development of smart grids and an analysis of the methodologies, milestones and expected evolutions of grid technologies that will transform society in the near future.\u3c/p\u3